Permanent wave apparatus



Jan. 31, 1933. G. w, PETERSON 1 1,895,815

PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed March 8, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 31, 1933. G, w, PETERSQN A 1,895,815

PERMANENT wAvE APPARATUS Filed March 8, 1932 2 Sheets-Shet 2 E' zz rannnnan wnryaaap. n vla/raam l Y 4 IN V vEN TOR. 6057' W' PETERSON ATTORNEYS;

Patented Jan. 31, 1933 GUST WFPIETERSON', 0F LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA PERMANENT APPARATUS Application Vled March 8,1932. Serial No. 597,549.

D curling spool and for maintaining' operative confinement thereof Within a heat chamber of such form and construction that the vapors and gases generated therein will effectively )enetrate the hair and then find egress 15 from tlie chamber as ra idly as said vapors and gases shall have e ected their purpose in Jthe curling operation.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide novel and effective means for enclosing '20 the spool within the heat chamber of the structure and for compelling the vapors and gases to findescape-therefrom at such places wherefthey will notbe discharged a ainst the head 'of'the person whose hair is eing 25 treated.

A still further' object of the invention is to provide a simple formof heat chamber which will retain the spool therein in a mann ner to cause the hair to be exposed to the "o action of the vapors and gases at a point centrally of the position at which said vapors and gases are generated in the chamber, the form and construction lof the -chamber and its co-acting spool being such that an 5 annular space is formed between the longitudinal surfaces of the spool and the adjacent walls of the chamber throughout the entire length thereof, into which the said vapors and gases are distributed as they are pro- 40 duced.

Another object of the invention is vto provide a novel form of heater which co-acts wixh surfaces of the heat chamber so that the walls ot' the chamber may be quickly 4 heated. l

.mother object of the invention is to provide ctl'eetire means for forming a seal at the point in the heat chamber at which the hair entersv the spool. which said seal is char- "UO acterized by means to prevent the escape of the vapors and gases from the chamber and which vserves also to hold the hair out of direct contact with metallic surfaces of said chamber'.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the apparatus;

Figure 2 is a section on an enlarged scale taken approximately on line 2- 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section taken approximately on line 3--3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a bottom lan'view of the head clamp showing the bo bin or spool in dotand-dash lines;

Figure 5 is a view in front elevation of the head clamp;

Figure 6 is a View in plan of the vapor chamber showing the opened sections thereof Figure 7 is a Vertical longitudinal section r through the apparatus lshowing a slightly modified form of the invention;

. Figure 8 is an end View thereof; Figure 9 is a section taken on of Figure 7. In carrying the invention into practice and with particular reference to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 6, inclusive, use is .made of a heat or vapor chamber 10 consisting of complementary sections 11 and 12, and, as illustrated, the section 11 has one of its side edges hinged to a corresponding side edge of the section 12, as at 13. The other side edge of each of the sections 11 and 12 is formed with an inwardly bent ange 14 which is faced with felt 15 or other suitable well known non-metallic material of a nature that will yield when the respective felt surfaces are clamped against the head, as shown in Figure 2. From the hinge 13 the material ot each of the sections 11 and 12-is formed to provide a relatively broad flat flange 1G. and on reference to Figure 2 of the drawings. fianges are adapted to come llatwise'against each other and to be held in these positions by a heater 17'. 'l`he heater mayv be of any suitable well known construction, adapted to he quickly and cmireniently applied to or removed from the chamber sections l1 and une a-f-a it will be noted that these 12 but same preferably consists of a pair of co-acting jaws 18 and 19, the latter being in the form of a spring, and provided with a ed, whereby the strand of hair after curved free extremity 20, which co-acts with an adjacent flat face of the jaws 17, so as to permit both jaws to be readily slipped over the hinge 13 and to exert suflicient pressure against the flanges 16 to hold the chamber sections 11 and 12-closed. From the construction described, it follows that after the hair has been wound upon the bobbin and the latter placed in the chamber, the heater 17 may be slipped over the lianges 16, as shown in Figure 2, at which time the two chamber sections will be held closed during the curling treatment. lVhen the hair has been curled, the heater may be disconnected from said flanges 16 so that the chaniber sections can be opened and thebobbin 2G withdrawn from the curl. rllhe head clamp may be released from the hair in the usual manner. The construction is also such that the effective heat distributingr surface 21 of the jaw l17 A comes flatwise against the corresponding flat face of the adjacent flange 16, wherebyheat may be effectively conducted to the walls of the chamber 10 through the respective flanges 16. The jaw 18 is provided with a receptacle portion 22 which is preferably illed with asbestos 23 and mounted in the asbestos is a resistance coil 24 which may be supplied with current through the conductor cord 25. To this point, it manifestly follows that it is intended that heat may be taken into the chamber 10 by reason of the direct contact of the flanges 16 with the mat* ing jaws 18 and 19 of the aforementioned heater, and the purpose thereof will be made known presently.

Removably mounted in the chamber VVl0 is a spool or bobbin 26 of a length to extend from one end of the chamber to the other, and, as illustrated, each end of the said bobbin is provided 'with a short hub 27 which is journaled in a corresponding opening 28 in the adjacent bracket arm 29 of the lower jaw 30. of a head clamp 31. The said clamp is provided with a swinging jaw 32 which is preferably constructed of rubber or other suitable well-known elastic material, so. as'

to come in yielding impingement against the thick portion of a strand of hair when the clamp is closely positioned against the scalp of the person whose hair is being treatbeing Wound about the bobbin will be yieldingly accommodated between the felt-faced edges of the respective chamber sections 11 and 12. When the jaw 32 is in its closed position, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawing, a resilient latch 33 carried by thc jaw 30 engages over a keeper projection 34 at the free end of the jaw 32 so as to confine the latter in its clamped or closed position.

The bobbin or spool 26 is provided adjacent its outer extremities with peripheral grooves 35 which are adapted to receive the inwardly extending flanges 36 formed on the respective sections 11 and 12 of the Charnber l0. It is in this manner that the chamber is adapted to effectively enclose theintermediate portion of the bobbin therein so as to prevent the ,moisture and gases when generated in the chamber from escaping from the ends thereof. The chamber is provided with semi-cylindrical walls 37 which are spaced apart fiom the walls of the bobbin, being preferably concentrically related thereto, and thereby adapted to receive a pad 38 of absorbent material, thesameadapted to bc saturated with water or with any gasgenerating compound or solution so frequently employed in the curling of hair. I suggest the use of the lpad because of the convenience with which it may be incorporated in the organization. Its purpose is to throw oil' vapors and gases when the walls 3T of the chamber are heated, which said vapors and gases are intended to be brought into effective contact with a strand of hair when wound about the bobbin. This will be fully appreciated on reference to Figure 2 of the drawing. The bobbin is formed with an axial bore 39 and withfradial perforations 40, the latter opening at their inner cnds into the said bore 39 andat their outer ends into the bobbin receiving space in said chamber. Hair is intended to be curled around the bobbin in the customary manner, and when arranged in its intended order same may be firmly clamped against the bobbin by a pivoted retaining device 41 carried by the bobbin. v l

In operation the thick portion of a strand of hair is first firmly placed between the aws 30 and 32 of the head clamp and the jaws brought tightly together near the scalp of the person whose hair is being treated, the Ahair is then wound around the bobbin and clamped in position thereon, and then placedwithin the chamber 10,'the strand of hair a'rdjacent the head clamp 31 passing between the felt faces 15 of the inwardly bent portions 14 of the chamber sections. Before placing the bobbin in the chamber, the moisture .container 38 is folded into position, .as shown in Figure 2. The heater 17 is then applied and current is taken into the resistance coil so as to bring the metallic receptacle 22 thereof up to the desired heat where there will be s-uficient radiation of heat therefrom that will heat the respective walls 37. In so doing the moisture pad is correspondingly heatedv and vapors and gases are given olf therefromv so as to come into the elfective presence of the hair which is wound around the bobbin. It follows that the only outlet for the vapors is by way of the passages l() and the communicating axial bore 39 of the bobbin. Ie find that in this manner the moisturecan be timely ,conducted out of .thechamberg'land tlfia'ft'tljieftiiiie usually required forthe wav-z inglofflth'ev hairmay be considerably reduced;v Iflay particular 'st "ess uponfthefmanner- `inv which the hair is passed into the chamber, and. it will bel observed that at n o place does the' hair come in direct contact with l.any'ofthe metallic parts of the curling organization. In the vform shown in Figures?? ,the bobbin or spool 42 .is formed at its respective endsv with heads or disks43 and 44, which'l each have a peripheral groove 45 to' accoiiarriodate-l the end wall fiangesnofithe' complementarychamber sections 46 and 47 These chamber sections are ,of the same form as the sections 11 and 12 hereinabove referred to.v l A"I ljie disk 43 is formed with a slot 48 :into whichjthe thick portion of a strand of hair is Vadapted to pass and to be lthreaded through the split portion 49 of a felt disk 50. The disk 5() is` positioned at onel side of the disk 43 and saine is intended to close'the adjacent end of the chamber so as to prevent the escape of vthe gases and v apors therefrom. In this form of l the invention, the bobbin is intended to radiate away from the scalp, whereas in the l. other form the bobbin is intended to come almost in parallelism with the scalp. After the thick portion of the strand has been passed through the slot 48 and the slot 49 same is, of course, wound around the body of the bobbin, and when in a fully wound position the bobbin is inserted into the chamber, which consists of the'two sections 46 and 47.v

' In this example of my invention, the bobbin is provided with an axial bore 51, which is open at- 52 at the far end of the bobbin and closed at 53 outwardly of the disk 43. The walls of the bobbin are also formed lwith passages 54, the inner ends of which open directly into the bore 5l, and their outer ends into the bobbin-receiving space of the chamber. A pad 55, similar to the pad referred to in the first embodiment ofniy invention, is arranged within the sections 46 and 47, as illustrated. In this forni, the sections 4G and 47 are intended to be heatedv to an extent that will cause vapor and gases to be thrown off from the pad 55 and to be taken into the effective presence of the hair which has been woundaround the bobbin. The vapor and gases may freely penetrate the hair and enter -the axial bore 52 by way of the radial passages 54, and the same may exhaust into the atmosphere as rapidly as their effect has been spent against the hair.

After the hair has been treated to fully curl same, the circuit (not shown) in which the heater 17 is adapted to be placed, is broken, so as to cut off the transmission of further heat to sections ll. and l2 and thereby enable the said sections to cool sufficiently to permit same to be handled without lun-ning the fingers of the operator.

s I claimjas my invention t' s,

`l. AfpermanentI Wave apparatus comprising complementary sections mutually co-acting to define a chamber adapted top contain vaporand'gases, and-a spool contained in the chamber andspaced from the longitudinal Walls thereof, the said spool having an axial bore anda plurality of communicating radial passages, the latter `(2o-acting with the former to establish communication between the exterior ofthe chamber at the' ends thereo'f'and the linterior of the chamber Ito allow free escapeofthe vaporand gases .from

saidchamber. v A

2. A permanent wave apparatus comprising 'complementary 1s'ectionsqmutua1ly coacting to'de'inefa chamber adapted to contain vapor and gases, a 1'spool contained in the chamber. and spacedf rointhe longitudinal walls thereof, the said spool having an axia bore and a plurality pf communicating radial passages, the latter co-acting withthe 'former to establish communication between the extefriorof the .chamber at theends thereof and the interior of the chamber to allow free escape of the 4vapor and gases fromsaidij:l chamber and a moisture holder insa'id cham'g,v

ber. y Y

` 3. A 'permanent wavenapparatus comprising complementary sections mutually coasting to define a chamber adapted to contain vapor andl gases, chamber and spaced "from the longitudinal walls thereof, the said spool having an axial bore 'and a plurality of -communicating radial passages, the latter co-acting with the former to establish communication between theexterior 4of the chamber andthe interior thereof, and a moisture holder in said chamber', said holder comprising a pad of absorbent material folded. to' occupy a concentric position relative to the spool. 4. A permanent wave apparatus comprising ,a chamber, a spool removably supported inthe chamber and provided-With radial passages and a longitudinal bore, the former opening into thechamber and communicating with the bore'andssaid bore yopening at its ends to the exteriorof the chamber, and means of non-metallic yielding material for sealing the chamber at the point of entrance of` astrand of hair thereinto in passage of the hair onto the spool.vvv s v 5." A permanent wave apparatus comprising a chamber lcomprising complementary sections hinged` together at one side and projvided with flanged portions, a spool contained in the'jchamber, and a heater including coacting jaws Vadapted to receive the said a spool contained in the' sol vided with anged portions, a spool'contained in the chamber, and' a heater includin co-acting jaws adapted to receive the sai i* langed portions and to act thereon to hold the chamber sections closed about said spool, the said sections having heads at the ends thereof with which the respective ends of the said spool are detachably connected.

' 7. A permanent wave apparatus compris-- ing a chamber comprising com lementary sections hinged together at one 4si e and provided With ianged, portions, tained in the chamber, and a heater includin co-acting jaws adapted to receive the said flanged'portions and to act thereon to hold the chamber sections closed about said spool, thesaid sections having heads at the ends thereof with which the respective ends of the said spool are detachably connected, and the said spool having an axial bore and radial passages, the latter co-acting with the former to establish communication between the exterior of the chamber and the interior thereof.

S. A permanent wave apparatus comprising a chamber comprising complementary sections hin ed together at one si e and provided with finged portions, a spool contained in the chamber, and a heater including coacting jaws adapted to receive the said flanged ortions and to act theron to hold the cham er sections closed about said spool, the said sections having flanges at the ends thereof with which the respective ends of the said spool are detachably connected, and the said spool having an axial bore and radial passages, the latter co-acting with the former to establish communication between the exterior of the chamber and the interior thereof, and a moisture container separable from the chamber and embracing the spool so that vapor discharging therefrom may pass out of the chamber through the aforementioned communicating bore and passa es.

9. A device of the class described comprising a spool around which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, means forming a heat `chamber in which the spool is adapted t0 be contained, the chamber means having a member adapted to contain a Vapor roducing fluid, and means for heating sai and means for conducting vapor and gases from the chamber by way of the spool.

a 'spool conthe spool having an axial bore and a pluralit of passages communicating therewith anl having portions leading onto an exterior surface of the spool, means forming an enclosure for the spool and comprising co-operable sections and adapted to contain moisture, the said bore opening to the exterior of said enclosure means, and

means for heating the moisture container.

12. In a device of the class described, means comprising complementary sections having abutting edge portions, said sections mutually defining a steam chamber, a moisture pack .cooperable with the chamber is heated and the ack moistened so as to cause steam to be directly generated in the chamber, a spool insertable in and` removable from the chamber,

steam from the chamber as rapidly as same is generated therein, and mieans for sealin the chamber at the points of abutment o said edge portions of the complementary sections thereof.

13. A device of the class described comprising a steam chamber consisting of complementary sections having longitudinally extending edge portions at one side of the chamber, means for yieldingly pressing the sections together to advance one of said edge l portions against the other thereof; means for sealing the chamber at said edge portions to prevent the escape of steam from between same; means within the chamber for generating steam therein when the walls of the chambber are heated; and a spool insertable in and removable from said chamber. n

14. In a hair treating organization, the combination w-ith aA clamp comprising mating sections for ip ing engagement with the vhair at a point c ose to the scalp, of a. steam chamber positioned at one side of the clamp and formed of heat retaining material; a moisture containing member for directly generating steam in the chamber when' heat is supplied to the latter; means for disccharging. steam from the chamber a's rapidly.

as same operable with the chamber at one side thereof to prevent a discharge of steam therefrom in a direction towards said clam GUST W. PETERSON.

ed to wound 10. A device of the class described compris.-v

ing a spool around which a strand of hair is adapted to be wound, means forming a heat chamber in which the spool is adapted to be contained, the chamber means having a member adapted to contain a vapor producing Huid, and means 'for heating said member so as to generate vapor at the member and around the spool, and means co-operable with the chamber means for causing the vapor to find egress therefrom.

11. In a device of the class described., a spool around whicha strand of hair is adaptwhen the latterv means for discharging` 

